Final answer:
The most common metamorphic process from the choices provided is the rotation of minerals into a common orientation, often resulting in a texture known as foliation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The common processes in the formation of metamorphic rocks focus primarily on changes that occur due to heat, pressure, or fluids. The options you provided describe four different geological processes. Of these, the process that is more characteristic of metamorphism is the rotation of minerals into a common orientation.
During metamorphism, pressure can cause the reorientation of minerals within the rock, so that they align perpendicular to the direction of the force. This process results in what is known as foliation, a textural feature that is often easy to identify in metamorphic rocks. This pressure-induced alignment occurs because heat 'softens' the minerals, allowing them to move, adjust, and recrystallize into a preferred orientation. Whereas, remobilization of chemical constituents into light and dark bands is part of the reorganization of minerals, which can also occur during metamorphism under influence of pressure and temperature. Therefore, all the processes listed are part of metamorphism, and the most common one is the rotation of minerals into a common orientation due to pressure.