Final answer:
The correct set of information is option 4) carbon monoxide binds to Hgb in oxygen's place, leading to decreased oxygen delivery to tissues. The other options contain inaccuracies regarding erythropoietin, the effects of an arterial embolus, and the cause of gout.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct option linking the sets of information given by the student is 4) carbon monoxide binds to Hgb in oxygen's place. Carbon monoxide (CO) has a much higher affinity for hemoglobin (Hgb) than oxygen does. This means that CO can displace oxygen in the hemoglobin molecule, leading to a decreased capacity of the blood to carry oxygen to tissues, potentially resulting in serious tissue hypoxia.
Option 1) is incorrect as erythropoietin injections are used to stimulate the production of red blood cells (RBCs) in cases where there is decreased RBC production, not to counteract overproliferation of RBCs. In fact, erythropoietin (EPO) is used therapeutically in certain types of anemia where there is a deficiency in RBC production to boost the body's production of RBCs.
Option 2) is incorrect because an arterial embolus would lead to a decrease in arterial, not venous, circulation to an area of tissue, resulting in hypoxia of the affected cells due to a lack of oxygen supply.
Option 3) is incorrect because gout is caused by an accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, not by a high urea diet. Uric acid is a byproduct of the metabolism of purines from foods, which can form crystals that accumulate in joints and cause inflammation.