Final answer:
The SI units used to measure radiation exposure are the Gray (Gy) for the energy absorbed by tissue and the Sievert (Sv) for the biological effects of radiation on tissue.
Step-by-step explanation:
The unit used to measure radiation exposure in the metric International System of Units (SI) is the Gray (Gy) for radiation dose and the Sievert (Sv) for measuring tissue damage caused by radiation.
Gray is defined as the absorption of one joule of radiation energy per kilogram of matter (J/kg). The Sievert, on the other hand, is a measure of the health effect of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body and takes into account the biological effects of the type of radiation involved in addition to the energy absorbed.
While the Becquerel (Bq) measures the rate of radioactive decay, with 1 Bq equal to 1 disintegration per second, and the Curie (Ci) is another unit used to measure this rate, they do not measure radiation dose or tissue damage.