Final answer:
An individual may accept the label of deviant and commit secondary deviance, which is when a person's self-concept and behavior change after being labeled as deviant by society.
Step-by-step explanation:
After social institutions penalize the individual and label them as deviant, an individual may accept the label of deviant and commit secondary deviance. Secondary deviance is a concept developed in the realm of sociology, specifically within the framework of labeling theory. It is the process by which a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society, leading them to further embrace a deviant identity. This contrasts with primary deviance, which refers to a violation of norms that does not result in any long-term effects on the individual's self-image or interactions with others. An example of secondary deviance could be a teenager who, after being labeled a troublemaker for small acts of rule-breaking, starts engaging in more serious forms of deviance in response to societal expectations that accompany the label.