Final answer:
Brain connections are not solely predetermined but can be influenced by environmental factors, due to principles of neuroconstructivism and neuroplasticity. The brain adapts throughout life, with experiences shaping neural development and cognitive function.
Step-by-step explanation:
False. Brain connections are not purely predetermined and they can undoubtedly be altered by the environment. During development and throughout an individual's life, neural networks within the brain are shaped both by genetic predispositions and environmental influences.
Research in the field of neuroconstructivism demonstrates how experiences impact neural development. For instance, children exposed to enriching environments will develop neural connections enhanced by those stimuli. This principle extends to the concept of neuroplasticity, the ability of the brain to form and reorganize synaptic connections, particularly in response to learning or experience. Factors like personal experiences, developmental processes, and recovery from injuries all contribute to neuroplasticity, allowing the brain to adapt and change throughout life.
The interactions between neural and cognitive networks are complex and bidirectional. Genes influence the brain development, which in turn affect cognitive processing, and cognitive experiences can influence the strengthening or pruning of neural pathways. Therefore, both biological determinism and environmental factors play a crucial role in shaping the brain's architecture and functionality. Hence, the brain is an outcome of an ongoing interaction between its biological foundation and the experiences provided by the environment.