Answer:
In summary, the factors that made political compromise increasingly difficult between 1830 and 1860 included sectionalism, the expansion of slavery, the presence of new political parties, diverging economic interests, and the ideological differences and strong convictions of key leaders. These factors contributed to the growing polarization and hindered efforts to find common ground on critical issues of the time.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the period between 1830 and 1860, several factors contributed to the increasing difficulty of political compromise. These factors include:
1. Sectionalism: The divide between the Northern and Southern states over issues such as slavery and states' rights became more pronounced. The North favored industrialization and abolitionism, while the South relied heavily on agriculture and defended the institution of slavery. This growing sectionalism made it harder to reach compromises that would satisfy both regions.
2. Expansion of Slavery: The acquisition of new territories, such as the Mexican Cession, reignited debates over whether slavery should be allowed in these areas. The Wilmot Proviso, which sought to ban slavery in these territories, was met with fierce opposition from Southern states. These disagreements further strained efforts to find common ground.
3. Political Parties: The emergence of new political parties, such as the Free Soil Party and the Republican Party, added to the polarization. These parties were founded on specific ideologies, such as opposing the expansion of slavery, which made compromise with pro-slavery factions difficult.
4. Diverging Economic Interests: The North and South had different economic interests and priorities. The North was becoming increasingly industrialized, while the South relied heavily on slave labor for its agrarian economy. These economic differences contributed to the growing tensions and made finding a middle ground more challenging.
5. Leadership and Ideological Differences: The leaders of the time, such as Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and John C. Calhoun, were known for their strong convictions and unwillingness to compromise on key issues. Additionally, ideological differences, such as differing views on the nature of the Union and the interpretation of the Constitution, further complicated the compromise process.
In summary, the factors that made political compromise increasingly difficult between 1830 and 1860 included sectionalism, the expansion of slavery, the presence of new political parties, diverging economic interests, and the ideological differences and strong convictions of key leaders. These factors contributed to the growing polarization and hindered efforts to find common ground on critical issues of the time.