Final answer:
The yeast Ty retrotransposon encodes for crucial proteins for transposition but does not include genes for envelope proteins (ENV) or autonomous replication enzymes, which are necessary for a full virus's infective capabilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The yeast Ty retrotransposon encodes several proteins necessary for its movement and integration into the yeast genome. These include the Gag gene for a structural protein involved in particle formation, the RT gene for reverse transcriptase that synthesizes DNA from RNA, the Prt gene for a protease involved in maturation, and the Int gene for an integrase that incorporates the Ty element into the genome. However, this retrotransposon does not code for other kinds of proteins such as those required for independent replication like a full virus, namely the envelope proteins (ENV) used by true retroviruses to infect new cells.
Contrarily, non-autonomous retrotransposons like SINEs (Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements) lack the genes encoding these enzymes altogether and thus rely on other elements for their movement, usually autonomous elements such as LINEs (Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements). Due to this dependency, SINEs cannot move on their own and do not encode the necessary proteins such as reverse transcriptase or integrase. Consequently, it can be concluded that envelope proteins and autonomous replication enzymes are not encoded by the yeast Ty retrotransposon.
The Ty retrotransposon in yeast does not encode for envelope proteins (ENV) or enzymes for independent replication. Unlike viruses with infective capabilities, Ty elements rely on their own reverse transcriptase and integrase without additional mechanisms for cell-to-cell transmission.