Final answer:
After the σ factor dissociates, termination of translation occurs in protein synthesis. The release factor recognizes the stop codon, causing the translational complex to dissociate and resulting in the release of the completed polypeptide. The ribosomal subunits also dissociate, terminating the process of protein synthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
After the σ factor dissociates, termination of translation occurs in protein synthesis. The release factor recognizes the stop codon, causing the translational complex to dissociate. This results in the release of the completed polypeptide and the dissociation of the ribosomal subunits. The process of protein synthesis is terminated at this point.