Final answer:
Faraday's apparatus demonstrates that a magnet can produce a current, showcasing Faraday's Law of electromagnetic induction. Emf and current are induced by a changing magnetic field in a nearby coil or conductor.
Step-by-step explanation:
A Faraday's apparatus is used to demonstrate that a magnet can produce a current. This is a fundamental demonstration of Faraday's Law of electromagnetic induction, which states that a changing magnetic field can induce an electromotive force (emf) and subsequently a current in a conductor. Faraday's experiments showed that when a magnetic field through a coil changes, either by moving a magnet nearby or by switching the current in an adjacent coil, it induces an emf. This induced emf creates the current as long as there is a closed path through which the current can flow.
Furthermore, when a voltage source such as a battery is connected to a conductor, it creates an electric field that drives the current through the conductor, illustrating Ohm's Law where current is directly proportional to voltage. However, this is separate from Faraday's principle that focuses solely on the relationship between a changing magnetic field and induced current. Faraday's law states that a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (EMF) and, consequently, an induced current in a nearby conductor. This phenomenon is the basis for many electrical devices and generators, illustrating the interrelation between magnetism and electricity. The other options (battery, voltage; resistor, heat; conductor, charge) do not accurately represent Faraday's law and its application.