Final answer:
The process that involves separase cleaving the cohesin subunit holding sister chromatids together is called Anaphase, which is the third stage of mitosis. This phase leads to the separation of sister chromatids, ensuring identical genetic material in the two daughter cells after cell division is complete.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process that destroys the securing releases separase which cleaves the subunit that holds the sister chromatids together is known as Anaphase, the third stage of mitosis. This process ensures that the sister chromatids are separated and each becomes an individual chromosome. These chromosomes are then pulled to opposite poles of the cell by the kinetochores, with the help of microtubules that shorten during this phase. As a result, each new daughter cell will receive one copy of each chromosome, maintaining identical genetic material in both cells.
Mitosis consists of several phases: Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase, often followed by Cytokinesis. During Anaphase, the cohesin proteins that have been holding the sister chromatids together are broken down by the enzyme separase, allowing the sister chromatids to separate and become individual chromosomes. Subsequently, during Telophase and Cytokinesis, the cell finishes dividing to form two separate cells.