Question

Name 5 of the most important INORGANIC ions vital to cell functionality. Which of these is the most plentiful OUTSIDE the cell? Which is the most abundant INSIDE the cell? Why is it important for these charges to remain balanced outside and inside the cell?

Answer 1

Sodium ion (Na+) is the most abundant ion outside cells, while potassium ion (K+) is most abundant inside. These ions are essential for electrical impulses, stabilizing proteins, and maintaining osmotic balance, ensuring proper cell function.

Step-by-step explanation:

Five of the most important inorganic ions vital to cell functionality are the sodium ion (Na+), potassium ion (K+), calcium ion (Ca2+), magnesium ion (Mg2+), and chloride ion (Cl-). The most abundant ion outside the cell is the sodium ion (Na+), while the potassium ion (K+) is most plentiful inside the cell. These ions get into the cell via various transport mechanisms such as diffusion, osmosis, and active transport, including the sodium-potassium pump. The flow of ions across cell membranes is essential for maintaining the relative charge balance, which is necessary for the transmission of electrical impulses, stabilization of proteins, and for controlling osmotic balance. This charge balance allows cells to function properly and maintain homeostasis.