Final answer:
Sally's experience with a test that adjusts difficulty based on her answers is an example of Adaptive testing, offering a personalized assessment to gauge her ability level more accurately.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Sally is taking a test on a computer and after getting the first question wrong, the computer gives her an easier question and estimates her ability level as lower, this is an example of Adaptive testing. Adaptive testing is a form of computer-based testing that adjusts the difficulty of questions based on the test-taker's performance to estimate their ability level more accurately.
Unlike Standardized testing, adaptive tests can vary in difficulty and question selection from one student to another. They provide a personalized assessment experience, which can be more reflective of an individual's true ability than a standard set of questions would be. Adaptive testing is distinct from Formative assessment and Summative assessment, which are used to monitor learning progress and evaluate overall learning at the end of an educational period, respectively.