Final answer:
The causes of local swelling after injury include increased vascular permeability, release of chemical signals, inflammation, redness, heat, and pain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that is NOT true regarding the causes of local swelling after injury is that it is caused by decreased vascular permeability.
Local swelling after injury is caused by increased vascular permeability, which leads to leakage of fluid into the surrounding tissue, resulting in edema (swelling). This increase in permeability is a response to the release of inflammatory mediators and chemicals, such as histamine, which cause the blood vessels to dilate and become leaky.
The other options listed in the question stem, such as release of chemical signals, inflammation, redness, heat, and pain, are all true regarding the causes of local swelling after injury.