Final answer:
Abraham Maslow identifies physiological needs like food, water, and shelter as the fundamental requirements for survival in his hierarchy of needs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Abraham Maslow identifies physiological needs as the most basic and essential for survival. At the base of Maslow's hierarchy of needs are the physiological requirements fundamental for sustaining life, such as food, water, and shelter. These basic requirements must be fulfilled before an individual can move on to satisfy higher-level needs, such as safety, belongingness, esteem, and eventually self-actualization. The highest tier of the pyramid is self-actualization, which Maslow regarded as achieving one's full potential. Additionally, Maslow acknowledged the possibility of a level beyond self-actualization called self-transcendence, where individuals seek meaning and purpose beyond their self. It's important to note that while needs form a pyramid, the satisfaction of needs is not strictly linear, and individual circumstances can influence how these needs are met.