Final answer:
The statement is false; outer joins include left outer joins, right outer joins, and full outer joins, which combine rows from two tables and include non-matching rows.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'Outer joins can be either up joins or down joins' is false. In database terminology, outer joins are categorized as left outer joins, right outer joins, or full outer joins. They are used to combine rows from two or more tables while also including non-matching rows from one or both tables.
For example, in a left outer join, all records from the left table are included, along with the matched records from the right table. If there's no match, the result set will still include all records from the left table, but with null in the columns from the right table. Conversely, a right outer join includes all records from the right table and the matched records from the left table. A full outer join combines the results of both left and right outer joins and includes all records from both tables.