Final answer:
The question pertains to the calculation of the probability that the number of long-distance calls exceeds 20, given the average is 20. Without additional information on the distribution and variance, a precise probability can't be determined; however, if the distribution is normal, there would be less than a 50% chance of exceeding the average.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is about the probability of an event occurring, which in this case is the number of long-distance phone calls made by employees during the peak time of the day. Specifically, we're interested in calculating the probability that employees make more than 20 long-distance calls, given that the average number of calls is 20.
To calculate this probability, we would typically need more information such as the distribution of calls (e.g., normal, Poisson, etc.) and the standard deviation. If, for example, we knew that call distribution follows a normal pattern, we could use standard statistical techniques to find the probability that the number of calls exceeds 20. However, without additional data about the distribution and variance, a precise probability cannot be determined.
If the average is based on a typical distribution and 20 calls is the mean, then the probability of observing more than the average would be less than 50%, since half of the observations would naturally fall below the average.