Final answer:
A professional association provides professional development and networking for people in a specific industry and may advocate for their interests, unlike a labor union which negotiates for better work conditions and wages. Trade associations also exist to influence public policy beneficial to their members. So the correct answer is option 2.
Step-by-step explanation:
A professional association is not a labor union, although they share some similarities such as advocating for the interests of their members. Professional associations focus on providing professional development and networking opportunities for individuals within a specific industry and often work to improve working conditions, public perceptions, and promote new practices or ideas.
They can also represent the interests of their industries and advocate for their shared interests. There are various types of professional associations, such as the American Hospital Association, which serves health care networks and communities, and the American Dental Association, aimed at dental professionals.
On the other hand, a trade association, also known as an industry trade group, is designed to influence public policy in ways that benefit its members. They may engage in lobbying, contribute to political campaigns, or attempt to influence regulatory bodies. An example of a trade association is the Aerospace Industries Association.
Labor unions, such as the American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), differ from professional associations in that they are specifically organized to negotiate on behalf of workers for better wages, working conditions, and benefits. They engage in collective bargaining with employers and may also try to influence legislation.