Final answer:
A letter of application should be a succinct document, with a clear introduction and descriptive body that highlights why you are the ideal candidate for the position. Customize it for each job, use appropriate keywords, keep it within 1/2 to one page, and always proofread before sending. It is not appropriate to include a personal photo unless requested, and you should always send your current résumé along with the cover letter.
Step-by-step explanation:
Writing an Effective Letter of Application
A letter of application should contain a clear introduction, explanatory body paragraphs, and a succinct closing. In the introduction, mention the job you're applying for and how you learned about it, which sets the stage for the letter. The main body should describe your relevant skills and achievements that make you a strong candidate for the position. Be sure to customize your cover letter for each job, integrating keywords from the job ad, and aim for it to be 1/2 to one page in length. It's important to communicate your enthusiasm and provide evidence as to why you are the ideal candidate for the job.
Cover letters should not be written in bullet format but rather in traditional paragraph format. While it should be well-structured, it's unnecessary and generally unadvised to include a personal photograph unless specifically requested. Make sure there is plenty of white space for easier reading and always proofread your cover letter. It is beneficial to seek feedback from a trusted advisor or friend and keep a copy of each individualized cover letter for future reference.
The applicant should always pair their cover letter with their current résumé, ensuring that both documents are tailored to highlight the experiences and skills most relevant to the job in question. The cover letter and résumé should complement one another without any contradictions.