Final answer:
Nursing paradigms are primarily based on the ethics of care and are influenced by humanistic theories such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Carl Rogers's client-centered therapy. They prioritize caring relationships and individual well-being.
Step-by-step explanation:
Most nursing paradigms are based on the ethics of care, which is an approach that emphasizes the value of caring, the relationships of individuals, and the interests of individuals. This approach contrasts with traditional ethics that focus on abstract rules and principles and instead appreciate the complexities of real-life situations, centring more on unique, concrete scenarios. The caring relationship is used as an ethical paradigm in nursing, where emphasis is placed on being compassionate, taking responsibility, and acting in the best interests of the individual being cared for. Moreover, nursing paradigms are greatly influenced by humanistic theories, such as Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Carl Rogers's client-centred therapy, both of which focus on the growth potential and well-being of individuals.
While Dr. Jean Watson's transpersonal caring theory has had a significant impact on the field of nursing and fits within the broader ethics of care, it does not represent the base for most nursing paradigms. Similarly, although Maslow's theory of the hierarchy of needs influences healthcare, it is not the sole basis for all nursing paradigms. Nursing paradigms are also informed by a combination of studying nursing theories and clinical experiences, which provide practical and theoretical knowledge essential in the healthcare setting.