Final answer:
The CDC's transmission-based precautions include airborne precautions, droplet precautions, and contact precautions, used to prevent the spread of infections through the air, via coughing or sneezing, and by contacting contaminated surfaces respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines three main types of transmission-based precautions: airborne precautions, droplet precautions, and contact precautions. These precautions are designed to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings.
- Airborne precautions are used for diseases that can be transmitted through the air over long distances by small droplets, such as tuberculosis, chickenpox, and measles.
- Droplet precautions are for infections spread over short distances by larger droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes, like the flu and the common cold.
- Contact precautions are needed for infections that can be spread by direct or indirect contact with the patient or the patient's environment, such as through touching contaminated surfaces.
The options from the question that apply to the CDC's transmission-based precautions are 2) airborne precautions, 4) droplet precautions, and 5) contact precautions.