Final answer:
The crucial component for Heather Henter's study on parasitism success in wasps was that both the aphid hosts and the wasps represented a single clone, which is option 5) b and c are correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Heather Henter studied the heritability of parasitism success in wasps, an essential component of her experimental design was ensuring the aphid hosts represented a single clone. This controlled for genetic variability in the host population, allowing for a more accurate assessment of the heritability of parasitism success.
In this context, the wasps should have also represented a single clone to control for parasitoid genetic variability. Having a diverse population of aphid hosts would allow for variations in resistance or susceptibility to parasitism, which could then be linked to the success of the wasps.
Therefore, the correct option that was crucial for her experimental design is option 5) b and c are correct, indicating both the aphid hosts and the wasps represented a single clone.