Final answer:
An accounts receivable originates from the sale of goods and services to customers on account, where payment is deferred to a future date. It is recorded as an asset on the company's balance sheet.
Step-by-step explanation:
An accounts receivable results from the sale of goods and services to customers on account. This means the customers receive the goods or services now and agree to pay the company at a future date. The accounts receivable is listed on the balance sheet as an asset, as it represents a legal obligation for the customer to pay the company for the goods or services provided.
Sales of property, plant, and equipment for cash, goods and services for cash, and the firm's common stock do not create accounts receivable as they involve immediate payment or a different form of transaction.