Final answer:
The assertion that the Panic of 1819 increased faith in the Second Bank of the United States is false; this event decreased public trust. Most fraud is committed under perceived financial pressure, which is true. Jefferson's economic pressures were not successful, it's false that women were incapable during wars, and the colonists' issue was with tax representation, not taxation itself. The market revolution did bring significant changes to the U.S.
Step-by-step explanation:
False is the correct answer to the statement: The Panic of 1819 increased the American people's faith in the Second Bank of the United States. This economic crisis actually diminished trust in the financial institution among the public due to its role in tightening credit in an attempt to control inflation, which led to bank failures, foreclosures, and unemployment, further contributing to economic hardship.
In relation to fraud, it is true that most people who commit fraud feel a perceived financial pressure. Fraud Triangle theory identified financial pressure as one of the key factors that motivate individuals to commit fraud, alongside opportunity and rationalization.
Jefferson's efforts to use economic pressure to solve the situation with Britain and France were not successful; this embargo policy hurt American trade and ultimately did not change the policies of the foreign powers as intended. As for the assertion that many women found themselves incapable of handling the burdens of war when their husbands and fathers went off to fight, this statement is false. In fact, many women during various wars stepped up to manage homefront responsibilities and took on roles traditionally held by men, showing resilience and capability.
As for colonial taxation, it is true that the colonists did not necessarily object to the principle of taxation, but rather to the lack of representation regarding how the tax money would be applied, giving rise to the slogan 'no taxation without representation'.
Lastly, the statement regarding the market revolution bringing many social and economic changes to the United States is true. The market revolution in the early 19th century transformed the American economy from subsistence agriculture to a more market-oriented economy, which included changes like industrialization and the growth of transportation networks.