Final answer:
In information system discussions, processing controls are considered application controls and not general controls, which include system development, online security, and hardware control measures.
Step-by-step explanation:
General controls in the context of information systems include a range of procedures and policies designed to protect and manage data, applications, hardware, and the IT environment of an organization. Among the options provided, processing controls are considered application controls rather than general controls. General controls typically encompass elements such as systems development, which involves standards for developing or purchasing software; online security, which includes measures to protect data from unauthorized access; and hardware controls, which ensure the physical protection of computer hardware.
In contrast, processing controls are designed to ensure that data is processed accurately and are implemented within software applications. Examples include data matching, data validation, and error detection protocols. Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is:
C) processing controls.