Final answer:
Empirical examples of arbitrary choice or Fisher's runaway can be seen in the evolution of extravagant traits in certain species, such as the peacock's tail feathers and the colorful plumage of male birds.
Step-by-step explanation:
Arbitrary choice, also known as Fisher's runaway, is a concept in evolutionary biology that explains the selection of certain traits as a result of sexual attraction. A classic example of this is the peacock's extravagant tail feathers. The male peacock's elaborate and colorful tail feathers have no practical function, but they are seen as attractive by female peacocks, leading to the selection and perpetuation of this trait in the population.
Another example is the bright plumage of male birds in general, such as the male cardinal or the male bird-of-paradise. These vibrant colors serve no specific survival advantage but are visually appealing to potential mates.
In summary, empirical examples of arbitrary choice or Fisher's runaway can be seen in the evolution of extravagant traits in certain species, such as the peacock's tail feathers and the colorful plumage of male birds.