Question

Which is more common? a) adaptations that arise from new mutations b) adaptations that arise from standing genetic variation c) both are rare d) we don't know yet

1) adaptations that arise from new mutations
2) adaptations that arise from standing genetic variation
3) both are rare
4) we don't know yet

Answer 1

Adaptations that arise from standing genetic variation (option 2) are more common than adaptations that arise from new mutations. Standing genetic variation refers to the genetic diversity already present in a population, while new mutations introduce new genetic variation. Utilizing existing genetic diversity is more common because it doesn't require the occurrence of new mutations.

Step-by-step explanation:

In terms of commonness, adaptations that arise from standing genetic variation are more common than adaptations that arise from new mutations. Standing genetic variation refers to the genetic diversity that already exists within a population. This variation is the result of previous mutations that have occurred in the population over time. Since standing genetic variation is already present, adaptations can arise more readily from this pre-existing diversity, without the need for new mutations.

New mutations, on the other hand, occur randomly and relatively infrequently. These mutations introduce new genetic variation into a population, but the process of natural selection must then act on these new variations to determine their fitness and whether they become adaptations. Overall, while both types of adaptations can occur, adaptations that arise from standing genetic variation are more common because they have the advantage of utilizing existing genetic diversity within a population.