Question

Autonomic hypereflexia. Places the client in a sitting position to decrease BP to the head to reduce the risk of cerebral hemorrhage.

a) Implementing measures to elevate blood pressure.
b) Assessing for symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia.
c) Administering medications to lower blood pressure.
d) Positioning the client to prevent increased intracranial pressure.

Answer 1

Orthostatic hypotension, a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing, can be caused by low blood volume or medication effects, and is sometimes due to autonomic failure in conditions like diabetes. Adjusting medication, hydration, or salt intake can help, and treating the underlying condition can improve symptoms.

Step-by-step explanation:

Understanding Orthostatic Hypotension

Orthostatic hypotension occurs when there's a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing. This can be caused by low blood volume (hypovolemia) due to dehydration or the use of certain medications like diuretics or vasodilators that are designed to lower blood pressure. Regulation of these medications and increasing fluid or salt intake to boost water retention can often alleviate the problem.

The sympathetic reflex is essential for maintaining blood pressure upon standing. This reflex helps to increase heart rate and constrict blood vessels, ensuring that the brain remains oxygenated. In some cases, such as with diabetes or autonomic failure, this reflex may be compromised, and addressing the underlying condition can lead to improvements in the symptoms of orthostatic hypotension.