Final answer:
In the care of a patient experiencing extracellular fluid loss, the nurse should prioritize assessing for signs of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Conditions such as nasogastric drainage, vomiting, diarrhea, and the use of diuretics can lead to the loss of extracellular fluid, which contains potassium. Administering potassium supplements or encouraging a high-potassium diet may be needed in severe cases of potassium depletion, but assessing for signs of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance is the priority.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the care of a patient experiencing extracellular fluid loss, the nurse should prioritize assessing for signs of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance (option d).
Conditions such as nasogastric drainage, vomiting, diarrhea, and the use of diuretics can lead to the loss of extracellular fluid, which contains potassium. Assessing for signs of dehydration, such as increased thirst, dry mouth, decreased urine output, and low blood pressure, is important to ensure that the patient's fluid needs are met.
In addition to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances can occur with fluid loss. Monitoring for signs of electrolyte imbalance, such as irregular heart rhythms or muscle weakness, is important to guide appropriate interventions. Although administering potassium supplements (option a) or encouraging a high-potassium diet (option b) may be needed in cases of severe potassium depletion, assessing for signs of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance is the priority in the care of a patient experiencing extracellular fluid loss.