Question

A patient is at risk of hypernatremia due to factors such as hypertonic tube feedings without water supplements, diarrhea, diabetes insipidus, and inadequate water ingestion. What nursing interventions should be prioritized to prevent this condition?

a) Administer hypertonic tube feedings regularly
b) Encourage increased intake of sodium-rich foods
c) Monitor for signs of hyponatremia
d) Ensure adequate water intake and monitor for signs of dehydration

Answer 1

To prevent hypernatremia, nursing interventions should focus on ensuring adequate water intake, monitoring for signs of dehydration, and avoiding hypertonic tube feedings without water supplements.

Step-by-step explanation:

The nursing interventions that should be prioritized to prevent hypernatremia in a patient include:

1. Ensure adequate water intake: Encourage the patient to drink sufficient amounts of water to prevent dehydration. This can be done by offering water at regular intervals and educating the patient on the importance of staying hydrated.
2. Monitor for signs of dehydration: Regularly assess the patient for signs of dehydration such as dry mouth, decreased urine output, and increased thirst. Promptly notify the healthcare provider if any signs of dehydration are observed.
3. Avoid hypertonic tube feedings without water supplements: If the patient requires tube feedings, ensure that the formula is not hypertonic and if necessary, supplement with additional water to prevent osmotic imbalances.