Question

Antiemetic. Orthostatic hypotension. The nurse needs to determine if dehydration is contributing to the dizziness. Adverse effects of promethazine include anorexia, dry mouth and eyes, constipation, and orthostatic hypotension. The client is at risk for dehydration due to vomiting, which exacerbates the orthostatic hypotension.

a) Administering a diuretic.
b) Evaluating the client's response to an antiemetic.
c) Monitoring for signs of fluid overload.
d) Assessing the client's risk for orthostatic hypotension.

Answer 1

In managing orthostatic hypotension, it is important to assess for dehydration and to monitor the effects of antiemetics that may contribute to dizziness. Treating underlying conditions, like diabetes, can improve symptoms. Fluid and salt intake should also be managed to help regulate blood volume.

Step-by-step explanation:

The client is at risk for orthostatic hypotension, which can be exacerbated by various factors, including dehydration from vomiting and adverse effects from medications such as promethazine. To manage this condition, it is crucial to assess the client's risk for orthostatic hypotension and to evaluate the client's response to an antiemetic. These antiemetics, like scopolamine or antihistamines, help combat nausea and motion sickness but may contribute to dizziness and balance issues.

Orthostatic hypotension can occur when blood volume is too low for the cardiovascular system to adjust properly when moving from a seated or lying position to standing up, which causes dizziness or lightheadedness due to a temporary reduction in blood flow to the brain. Increasing fluid intake and salt can improve fluid balance and help manage hypotension. For patients with underlying conditions such as diabetes, controlling blood glucose levels can also improve associated neurological deficits and reduce the risk of orthostatic hypotension.