Final answer:
Treatment for syphilis in pregnancy generally involves Penicillin G benzathine, administered as an injection. Penicillin G procaine is also an option for specific stages, while alternatives like doxycycline and azithromycin are generally avoided due to risks to the fetus. Desensitization is used in cases of penicillin allergy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The treatment options for syphilis in pregnancy are limited due to concerns about fetal safety. The most widely recommended and effective treatment is with the antibiotic Penicillin G benzathine, which is administered as a single intramuscular injection for primary, secondary, or early latent syphilis. For women with late latent or tertiary syphilis, three doses of penicillin administered at weekly intervals is the typical treatment approach. For those who are allergic to penicillin, a supervised desensitization process may be required, as alternatives like doxycycline and other tetracyclines are not recommended during pregnancy due to the potential for harm to the developing fetus. Azithromycin is another alternative, but less preferred due to potential resistance. It is critical for pregnant patients diagnosed with syphilis to receive appropriate treatment promptly to prevent serious complications, including fetal death or congenital syphilis.