Final answer:
The claim that a diploid pea cell in G1 phase has 14 centrioles is false, as plant cells, including those of pea plants, do not contain centrioles at all. Genetic diversity in gametes of a pea plant with 14 chromosomes is due to independent assortment, which without crossing over results in 128 unique gametes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that a diploid pea cell in G1 has 14 centrioles is false. In a typical animal cell during the G1 phase of the cell cycle, there would be only a single centrosome with two centrioles. However, in higher plants, including pea plants, centrioles are absent as plant cells do not contain centrioles at all; they utilize a different mechanism for cell division.
As for the questions concerning meiosis and genetic diversity, it's important to understand that genetic diversity in gametes is created through processes such as crossing over and independent assortment.
A pea plant, which is diploid, with 14 chromosomes will create 2^7 or 128 unique gametes if there's no crossing over, due to the independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis. Whereas, in humans, the haploid sperms are indeed produced from diploid cells through meiosis and at the end of meiosis, four haploid cells are produced from one diploid cell.