Question

How does the genome structure of eukaryotes differ from the genome structure of bacteria?

1) Bacterial genomes carry a large amount of non-protein coding DNA
2) Eukaryotic genome size is tightly correlated to organismal body size
3) Eukaryotic genomes contain far more mobile elements
4) All of the above are true

Answer 1

Therefore, the statement that is true about the genome structure of eukaryotes compared to bacteria is Option 4: All of the above are true.

Step-by-step explanation:

Eukaryotic genomes differ from bacterial genomes in several ways:

1. Bacterial genomes carry a large amount of non-protein coding DNA: In bacteria, a significant portion of the genome consists of non-coding DNA with no known function.
2. Eukaryotic genome size is tightly correlated to organismal body size: Unlike bacteria, the size of eukaryotic genomes tends to increase with the size of the organism. However, there are exceptions to this correlation.
3. Eukaryotic genomes contain far more mobile elements: Eukaryotic genomes have a higher prevalence of transposable elements, which are sequences of DNA that can move within the genome. Bacterial genomes have fewer transposable elements.

The genome structure of eukaryotes differs from bacteria in several ways, including the presence of non-protein coding DNA, the correlation between genome size and organismal body size, and the prevalence of mobile elements. These differences make eukaryotic genomes more complex than bacterial genomes.