Final answer:
Evolution is primarily studied in the genetics subdiscipline of evolutionary genetics. The chemical nature of gene is studied in molecular biology and biochemistry. Gene regulation, arrangement of genes on chromosomes, and gene mapping are separate subdisciplines of genetics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The research focus of evolution primarily falls under the subdiscipline of genetics. Evolutionary genetics studies how genetic variation leads to changes in allele frequencies and phenotypic traits within populations over time through processes such as natural selection and genetic drift.
The chemical nature of gene is primarily studied in molecular biology and biochemistry, which examine the structure and function of genes at the molecular and chemical level.
Gene regulation is a subdiscipline of genetics that focuses on the mechanisms and processes by which genes are turned on or off, controlling gene expression.
The arrangement of genes on chromosomes is primarily studied in cytogenetics, which investigates the physical location and organization of genes on chromosomes.
Gene mapping is an area of genetics that involves identifying and determining the relative positions of genes on chromosomes or within genomes.