Final answer:
Habeas corpus is the principle that requires a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court. This ensures that a person's detention is lawful. It is distinct from the Miranda rights, which must be read to suspects before interrogation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The principle that police may not hold a defendant without showing cause before a judge is known as habeas corpus. This is a legal action or writ through which a person can seek relief from the unlawful detention of themselves or another person. Essentially, it provides the right to be brought before a court and to have the arresting body justify the detention. This is different from the Miranda rights, which are the warnings given by police to inform suspects of their rights before an interrogation, such as the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney. Due process is the fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement. Miranda v. Arizona established that suspects must be informed of their rights prior to being questioned by authorities, a procedure meant to protect the accused and ensure fair treatment under the law.