Final answer:
The structural arrangements of the U.S. Constitution include republicanism, federalism, and judicial review, while equality is not specifically addressed as a structural feature within the original unamended document. Equality is reflected more directly in subsequent amendments like the Fourteenth Amendment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The key structural arrangements for the U.S. Constitution include republicanism, federalism, and judicial review. The Constitution provides a framework that ensures a balance of powers while enabling a national and federal identity. It incorporates the principles of republicanism through a representative form of government, where elected officials serve the interests of the people. Federalism is evidenced by the division of powers between the national and state governments. The Constitution also establishes a system of judicial review, allowing courts to interpret the Constitution and ensure the other branches abide by its principles.
Equality, while a foundational concept important to the ideals of the United States, is not a structural arrangement specifically detailed within the original unamended Constitution. Instead, equality is more directly addressed in amendments such as the Fourteenth Amendment, which includes the Equal Protection Clause.
Provisions such as the first ten amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, were necessary to ensure the protection of individual rights and placate initial critics of the Constitution. These rights include freedom of religion, speech, and assembly, but do not specifically include the term 'equality' as a structural feature.