Final answer:
The scientific method is a process used by scientists to investigate the natural world, starting with making observations and forming hypotheses, followed by testing through experiments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scientific method is a systematic approach that scientists use to gather knowledge and answer questions about the natural world.
This process is grounded in the use of evidence and logic, with observations and experiments forming the backbone of scientific inquiry.
The method begins with making observations, followed by formulating hypotheses. Next, scientists design and conduct experiments to test these hypotheses.
Subsequent analysis of the experimental results leads to conclusions that can confirm or disprove the initial hypotheses.
Observations in science are events or phenomena that are detectable by human senses or through the use of scientific instruments that enhance or extend our natural senses.
These observations must be measurable and repeatable in order to provide reliable data.
Theories and laws emerge from comprehensive explanations and truths found through repeated experiments, consolidating findings gathered over time.
An example of an observation leading to a major scientific discovery is Alexander Fleming's chance observation of mold contaminating a petri dish, leading to the breakthrough of penicillin.
Thus, the scientific method deals with observable events that can lead to probable conclusions about how the world works.