Final answer:
The risk of VTE, which includes DVT and PE, is higher in pregnancy due to physiological changes. Absolute risk of VTE during pregnancy is low but significant, while PE is a serious condition that can result from VTE. Preventative measures are essential to reduce these risks.
Step-by-step explanation:
During pregnancy and the puerperium period, there is an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes conditions such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The absolute risk of VTE in pregnancy is relatively low but is significantly higher than in non-pregnant individuals. The relative risk of VTE is also increased during this period due to physiological changes such as increased blood volume and pressure, as well as reduced venous return from compression by the growing uterus.
Pulmonary embolism is a particularly serious condition that results when a blood clot breaks off and travels to the lungs, which can be life-threatening. The exact percentage of VTE cases resulting in PE varies, but PE remains a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality.
Given the changes in the circulatory system during pregnancy and the increased workload on the maternal urinary system, pregnant individuals are advised to take preventive measures such as regular leg exercises and mobility to minimize the risk of DVT, a precursor to PE. Awareness and understanding of these risks and symptoms of VTE and PE can facilitate early detection and treatment.