Final answer:
Leukocytosis refers to an increase in white blood cells in the peripheral blood, correctly answered as (a) Increase, peripheral.
Step-by-step explanation:
Leukocytosis is defined as an increase in white blood cell (WBC) count, which occurs in the peripheral blood. This condition can be a response to a variety of stimuli such as infections, inflammation, or certain diseases. Leukocytes are the white blood cells primarily found in the peripheral blood, and their counts are measured to assess the white blood cell component of the immune system's function. Notably, although leukocytosis indicates a high number of leukocytes, these cells may sometimes be nonfunctional, leaving the individual at an increased risk for disease.
The correct answer to the question is: a) Increase, peripheral. Leukocytosis refers to a higher than normal white blood cell count in the peripheral blood, which can lead to a heightened state of vigilance in the immune system but also potentially be indicative of an underlying condition requiring further medical evaluation.