Thomas Paine's argument in this excerpt from "Common Sense" revolves around advocating for the idea of American independence from British rule.
He argues that it is common sense for the American colonies to break free from the oppressive rule of the British monarchy. Paine challenges the legitimacy of hereditary succession and criticizes the idea of having a king.
He emphasizes the absurdity of a small island (Britain) ruling a large continent (America) and questions why a single monarch should have dominion over the fate of millions.
Paine appeals to the readers' reason and common sense, asserting that it is in the best interest of the American people to pursue independence and form a government of their own. His argument is passionate, straightforward, and aimed at convincing the colonists to support the cause of independence.