Final answer:
A stuporous patient does not respond when called by name except when a painful stimulus is used. Neurological tests assess motor control and sensory responses to localize CNS damage. The cerebral cortex's function in cognition, speech, and understanding is vital for assessing patients with potential neurological issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
In response to the question of how a stuporous patient would react when his name is called, the correct answer would be that the patient does not respond except when a painful stimulus is used. Stupor is a state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility in which the patient exhibits little to no spontaneous activity and only responds minimally to vigorous and noxious stimuli like pain. If the patient were able to respond with full orientation, opens his eyes without stimuli, or does not respond at all because he is comatose, these would describe different levels of consciousness and responsiveness.
In the scenario provided, various neurological tests like smiling, eye movement tracking, and sensory tests using a pen tip are used to identify possible areas of dysfunction in the central nervous system (CNS). Findings such as the presence of pins and needles and sensory deficits on one side of the body could be indicative of a stroke and can help direct emergency treatment and additional diagnostic procedures, such as a CT scan or aspirin therapy to prevent blood clots.