Final answer:
Code law refers to civil law, which is distinguished from common law by its codified statutes. Civil and criminal law matters can be handled by both state and federal courts. Common law is developed by judges and relies on legal precedents.
Step-by-step explanation:
Code law is also known as civil law. Civil law systems are codified statutes that are typically more prescriptive and detailed than laws in common law systems. In contrast, common law, which is prevalent in countries like the United Kingdom and the United States, is based primarily on precedent and case law established by court decisions. Civil law is more widespread globally, with examples including the legal systems of France, Germany, and Japan. Civil law is characterized by a collection of written legal codes, where courts apply the specified statutes to situations or cases.
Regarding the roles of different types of law, both state and federal courts can handle matters that involve civil and criminal law. Depending on the jurisdiction and the specific legal question, the appropriate legal framework is applied, whether civil or criminal.
The principles of common law are important to understanding the differences between civil and common law systems. Common law is law developed by judges and is characterized by the doctrine of legal precedent, whereas civil law is typically based on codes.