Final answer:
The assignment of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to independent branches of government is called separation of powers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The assignment of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to independent branches of government is called a) Separation of powers.
Separation of powers refers to the process of dividing government into different branches and giving different responsibilities and powers to each branch. This system was established by the Founding Fathers to prevent one branch from becoming too powerful. Under this system, the legislative branch is responsible for making laws, the executive branch enforces the laws, and the judicial branch interprets the laws through judicial review.