Final answer:
The case that requires officers to inform arrested individuals of their rights is known as Miranda v. Arizona, and it mandates reading the Miranda rights as a protection against self-incrimination.
Step-by-step explanation:
The law that changed law enforcement across the country, requiring officers to read an arrested person their right to remain silent, is known as the Miranda v. Arizona ruling. In this landmark decision, the Supreme Court held that in order to protect the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination, criminal suspects must be advised of their rights before any custodial interrogation. This includes informing them that they have the right to remain silent, that anything they say can be used against them in a court of law, the right to consult with a lawyer, to have one appointed to them if they are indigent, and the right to have the lawyer present during questioning. These rights collectively form what is known as the Miranda rights.