Final answer:
The condition related to infections, drug toxicity, cardiovascular failure, and changes in membrane permeability is acute glomerulonephritis. It involves inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys and can be caused by various issues including immune responses to infections or underlying systemic diseases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition often related to infection of group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci or other bacterial or viral infection, drug toxicity, cardiovascular failure (such as AMI), and changes in membrane permeability (e.g., diabetic condition) is acute glomerulonephritis.
Acute glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli, which are small structures in the kidneys that filter blood. The most recognized cause is a post-streptococcal infection where immune complexes trigger an inflammatory response, but it can also be related to other conditions such as Goodpasture's syndrome, Wegener’s granulomatosis, or lupus nephritis. Factors such as drug toxicity, specifically aminoglycosides, and other infections can also lead to this condition. Moreover, cardiovascular events like acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and diabetic nephropathy due to membrane permeability changes are additional causes.
Nephrotic syndrome, renal artery stenosis, acute tubular necrosis, and other conditions listed are different types of kidney-related problems, each with distinct causes and mechanisms.