Final answer:
A patient with glomerulonephritis would likely present with increased BUN levels due to decreased glomerular filtration and increased urea production. Option D is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
A patient with glomerulonephritis would present the following serum results: d. BUN increased. Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli, which affects the kidney's ability to filter waste and fluids. The condition often results in a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate, which can cause fluid retention and an increase in certain waste products such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine in the blood.
Conditions causing variation in the blood urea level indicate that an increase in BUN, termed uremia, may be classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. As the kidney functions decrease, patients may show an increase in serum creatinine or protein in the urine. In the case of glomerulonephritis, filtration in the glomerulus would decrease, leading to increased urea production.
Increased serum creatinine is typically detected in renal failure, and urea production would increase due to decreased filtration capacity. However, conditions like nephrotic syndrome could also present with low serum albumin and high cholesterol. Increased serum creatinine and symptoms such as swelling and proteinuria may also be associated with conditions like nephrotic syndrome.