Final answer:
High PO doses of magnesium often lead to diarrhea; to prevent this, magnesium can either be administered intravenously or the oral dosage can be adjusted. It's crucial to maintain proper mineral homeostasis to prevent conditions such as metabolic syndrome and avoid severe side effects like hypermagnesemia or hyperkalemia.
Step-by-step explanation:
If high per os (PO) doses of magnesium (Mg) are administered, the most common side effect is diarrhea. This occurs because magnesium can act as a laxative and cause the intestines to release more water, which leads to loose stools. To avoid this side effect, magnesium could be administered intravenously (IV), especially if the oral route is not tolerated, or the dosage of magnesium could be adjusted accordingly.
Concerning the general use of minerals such as magnesium, calcium, potassium, and bicarbonate, it's important to maintain proper homeostasis to prevent and/or improve various conditions, including metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) or some of its features. However, excessive intake of these minerals can lead to side effects. For instance, hyperkalemia, which is an elevated potassium blood level, can severely impair the function of muscles, the nervous system, and the heart if not managed properly.
Therefore, if hypermagnesemia, which is an elevated level of magnesium in the blood, occurs as a result of excessive intake, the magnesium dose should be adjusted or discontinued to manage the condition and prevent adverse effects on the body.