Final answer:
The pathological or normal presence of glucose in the urine is called glycosuria. The correct option is (a) Glycosuria.
Step-by-step explanation:
Glycosuria refers to the presence of glucose in the urine, and it can be an indication of various medical conditions. Normally, the kidneys filter waste products from the blood, and glucose is reabsorbed. However, when blood glucose levels are elevated, as in conditions like diabetes mellitus, the kidneys may not reabsorb all the glucose, leading to its presence in the urine.
In cases of glycosuria, excess glucose spills into the urine, and this can be detected through urinalysis. This condition is a key indicator of diabetes, as sustained elevated blood glucose levels overwhelm the kidneys' ability to reabsorb all the glucose. Glycosuria option a) can also occur in pregnant women during gestational diabetes or in certain rare genetic disorders affecting glucose metabolism.
Monitoring for glycosuria is crucial in the clinical assessment of individuals with suspected or diagnosed diabetes. Understanding the presence of glucose in the urine helps healthcare professionals manage and adjust treatment plans effectively. Therefore, recognizing glycosuria through urinalysis plays a vital role in both the diagnosis and ongoing management of various metabolic disorders, particularly those related to glucose metabolism.