Final answer:
The Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) test is an important renal diagnostic blood test that evaluates the kidneys' ability to dispose of nitrogenous waste, indicating kidney function and potential irreversible glomerular problems.
Step-by-step explanation:
An important renal diagnostic blood test used to evaluate the kidneys' ability to dispose of nitrogenous waste products and diagnose irreversible glomerular problems is the Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) test. This test measures the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood. Urea is a water-soluble, non-toxic byproduct of protein metabolism that is removed from the blood by the kidneys and excreted in the urine. Elevated levels of BUN can indicate impaired kidney function or kidney disease. Other tests, such as the Creatinine Clearance test and the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) test, are also used to assess kidney function. The Creatinine Clearance test measures the volume of blood plasma cleared of creatinine per unit time and is an important indicator of kidney filtration capability. The GFR test provides an estimate of the filtering capacity of the glomeruli, which is key for proper kidney function. Both creatinine clearance and GFR can inform about the presence of glomerular problems.