Final answer:
The principal shape and placement of the cavity walls in a tooth are the pulpal walls, gingival walls, axial walls, and marginal walls.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cavity walls of a tooth are mainly categorized into four types: pulpal walls, gingival walls, axial walls, and marginal walls. The pulpal walls refer to the walls that surround the inner pulp cavity of the tooth and contain loose connective tissue, nerves, and blood vessels. The gingival walls are the walls that line the gingival space or gingival crevice between the gums and teeth. The axial walls are the walls that run parallel to the long axis of the tooth. The marginal walls refer to the walls at the edges or margins of the tooth.